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A WAD oil seal is a double-acting radial shaft seal designed for the dynamic sealing of rotating machine components. The profile is characterised by two oppositely positioned sealing lips and is primarily used to keep different media separated from each other. Its sealing performance is independent of the direction of shaft rotation. This allows the WAD to be used with rotating shafts, hubs and shaft assemblies.
The oppositely positioned sealing lips contact the shaft surface. Garter springs support the contact between the sealing lips and the shaft during rotation. When the machine is stationary, the sealing lips also provide effective static sealing. The WAD profile does not feature a separate dust lip.
The outer surface of the WAD radial shaft seal is fully rubber-covered. This outer surface provides a secure fit and effective static sealing in the housing bore. The WAD is available with an NBR or FKM sealing material. The material selection should be matched to the medium, temperature and other operating conditions.
The WAD radial shaft seal consists of two oppositely positioned sealing lips, garter springs, a metal reinforcing plate and a rubber-covered outer surface. The sealing element is manufactured from NBR or FKM. The reinforcing plate is made from unalloyed steel according to DIN EN 10139, formerly DIN 1624. The garter springs are made from spring steel according to DIN EN 10270-1.
The outside of the profile is fully rubber-covered. A separate dust lip is not present. Thanks to the oppositely positioned sealing lips, the WAD has a double-acting design. This allows the seal to separate two sides and helps prevent different media from mixing with each other.
The WAD oil seal is primarily designed for applications where different media must remain separated from each other. The two sealing lips are positioned in opposite directions. This allows each sealing lip to seal one side of the application. This makes the profile double-acting and distinguishes the WAD from a single-acting radial shaft seal with one sealing lip.
The sealing lips provide dynamic sealing while the shaft is rotating. Their operation is independent of the direction of rotation. When the shaft is stationary, effective static sealing remains between the sealing lips and the shaft surface. At the same time, the rubber-covered outer surface seals the connection between the oil seal and the housing bore.
The WAD oil seal is suitable for sealing rotating machine components such as shafts, hubs and shaft assemblies. The double-acting design is primarily used when two different media must remain separated from each other. The oppositely positioned sealing lips seal both sides of the profile and help prevent the media from mixing.
The WAD profile offers a broad range of applications and is intended for moderately demanding applications in general industry. The rubber-covered outer surface can compensate for differences in thermal expansion. This is particularly relevant in light-metal housings. The rubber-covered outside can also provide effective sealing in housings with a higher surface roughness and in split housings.
The profile also provides effective static sealing with low-viscosity or gaseous media. Other advantages include a long service life, reliable design and a good price-performance ratio. The suitability of a WAD radial shaft seal depends on factors including the media, selected material, pressure, temperature, circumferential speed and design of the installation space.
The main characteristic of the WAD oil seal is its design with two oppositely positioned sealing lips. Each lip seals one side of the rotating shaft. This allows the profile to be used to keep two different media within an application separated from each other. The sealing lips are pressed against the shaft surface by garter springs.
A separate space is located between the two sealing lips. During installation, this space can be filled approximately 40% with grease. The profile does not feature an additional dust lip. Always verify that the double-acting design without a dust lip is suitable for the contamination, media and other conditions within the intended application.
The fully rubber-covered outer surface of the WAD radial shaft seal provides a secure fit in the housing bore. At the same time, this outer surface supports static sealing between the oil seal and the housing. This is particularly relevant with low-viscosity and gaseous media, where reliable sealing along the outside is required.
The rubber covering can compensate for differences in thermal expansion, for example in a light-metal housing. The outer surface also provides effective sealing with a higher housing surface roughness and in split housings. For a correct fit, the specified surface roughness and housing tolerances must be observed.
The WAD oil seal is available with an NBR or FKM sealing material. Both materials have their own temperature ranges and media resistance. The correct material selection depends on the media on both sides of the seal, the temperature and other operating conditions. Because the WAD is primarily used to separate different media, the material must be suitable for contact on both sides.
NBR can be used at temperatures from -40 to +80 °C and can withstand short-term exposure to temperatures of up to +100 °C. The material offers good chemical resistance to various mineral oils, greases and hydraulic fluids. It can also be used with water up to a maximum temperature of +60 °C.
FKM has a temperature range of -25 to +150 °C. The material offers good resistance to mineral and synthetic oils and greases, various fuels and certain hydrocarbons. For both NBR and FKM, the maximum circumferential speed of the WAD profile is 6 m/s. The maximum technical values cannot necessarily all be reached simultaneously.
A WAD oil seal made from NBR is suitable for a temperature range of -40 to +80 °C. For short periods, the material can withstand temperatures of up to +100 °C. NBR offers good chemical resistance to various mineral oils and greases, including hydraulic fluids of types H, HL and HLP.
NBR can also be used with fire-resistant hydraulic fluids of types HFA and HFB. For HFC fluids, a maximum temperature of approximately +50 °C applies. When in contact with water, the maximum temperature is +60 °C. NBR has limited resistance to ozone, weathering and ageing. This should be taken into account when exposed to environmental conditions.
A WAD oil seal made from FKM has a temperature range of -25 to +150 °C. FKM offers good chemical resistance to mineral oils and greases, synthetic oils and greases, engine oil, transmission oil and ATF. These oils can be used at temperatures of up to approximately +150 °C.
The material is also resistant to fuels, fire-resistant HFD pressure fluids and aliphatic, aromatic and chlorinated hydrocarbons. When used with water, a maximum temperature of +60 °C applies. FKM offers very good resistance to ozone, weathering and ageing. For a double-acting WAD, always verify that FKM is suitable for the media on both sides of the seal.
For reliable operation of the WAD radial shaft seal, the maximum pressure, temperature and circumferential speed must be observed. The maximum permissible pressure is 0.03 MPa. The maximum circumferential speed is 6 m/s. This speed limit applies to both the NBR and FKM versions. Different permissible temperature ranges apply depending on the sealing material.
A WAD oil seal made from NBR has a temperature range of -40 to +80 °C. For short periods, NBR can withstand temperatures of up to +100 °C. An FKM version has a temperature range of -25 to +150 °C.
The specified pressure, temperature and circumferential speed are maximum values and cannot necessarily all be reached simultaneously. The media on both sides of the seal, material resistance, installation space and condition of the shaft and housing also affect suitability. The complete combination of operating conditions should therefore always be evaluated. The suitability of the selected WAD oil seal must be verified and tested within the final application. This determines whether the dimensions, material and double-acting design are appropriate for the operating environment.
The WAD radial shaft seal can be used at a maximum pressure of 0.03 MPa. The maximum permissible circumferential speed is 6 m/s. These limits apply to the WAD profile in addition to the material-dependent temperature ranges of NBR and FKM.
The maximum pressure, circumferential speed and temperature must not automatically be combined. A higher load in one area can affect the permissible load within the other operating limits. The media used and the conditions on both sides of the sealing lips also play a role. The complete application should therefore be evaluated and the selected WAD oil seal tested to verify that it functions correctly under the actual operating conditions.
The available approvals and certificates depend on the selected material and the specific compound from which the WAD oil seal is manufactured. The same certification therefore does not automatically apply to every NBR or FKM version. If a specific approval or conformity is required for an application, this must be verified separately for the selected compound.
Consult the applicable material data sheet for the relevant compound. This specifies which current approvals and certificates apply to the material. The general material designation NBR or FKM alone is not sufficient to determine whether an oil seal meets a specific certification requirement. Always verify this before selecting or ordering the seal.
The installation space for the WAD oil seal must be designed in accordance with DIN 3760. Correct dimensions and surface quality of the shaft and housing bore are important for proper fit and sealing performance. Shaft roundness must comply with tolerance class IT8. The shaft must be free from twist marks, burrs and other damage that could affect the two sealing lips during installation or operation.
The shaft surface must have a surface roughness of Rz 1.0 to 4.0 µm. The minimum hardness of the shaft surface is 45 HRC. The shaft tolerance zone must comply with ISO h11. For the housing, a surface roughness of Rz 10 to 20 µm applies. The tolerance zone of the housing bore must comply with ISO H8.
These technical requirements support the correct operation of both sealing lips and the rubber-covered outer surface. Incorrect fit, a damaged shaft surface or unsuitable surface roughness can affect sealing performance. The complete installation environment should therefore be inspected and cleaned before installing the WAD radial shaft seal.
The shaft on which the WAD oil seal is installed must comply with tolerance zone ISO h11. Shaft roundness must meet tolerance class IT8. The shaft surface must have a roughness of Rz 1.0 to 4.0 µm and a minimum hardness of 45 HRC. Twist marks, burrs and damage to the shaft surface are not permitted.
The housing bore must comply with tolerance zone ISO H8. The surface roughness of the housing must be between Rz 10 and 20 µm. The complete installation space must be designed in accordance with DIN 3760. Following these dimensional, hardness and surface requirements supports a secure fit and reliable operation of both sealing lips and the rubber-covered outer surface.
Clean the installation space thoroughly before installing the WAD oil seal. Completely remove dust, dirt, metal chips and other contaminants. Do not pull the seal over sharp edges, threaded ends or recesses such as keyways during installation. If these areas cannot be avoided, they should be covered with a suitable installation sleeve during assembly.
The space between the two sealing lips can be filled approximately 40% with grease. Do not grease the oil seal itself or the installation space before assembly. Position the WAD carefully and squarely on the shaft. The seal must not become tilted during installation.
Store WAD oil seals at a temperature below +25 °C. Do not expose the seals to direct sunlight or direct sources of heat. Prevent condensation in the storage area and protect the oil seals against ozone and ionising radiation. These storage conditions are in accordance with the recommendations of ISO 2230. A clean, dry and suitable storage environment helps prevent unnecessary deterioration of the elastomer before use.
Before installation, clean the shaft, housing bore and complete installation space. Remove dirt, dust and metal chips that could damage the sealing lips or shaft surface. Do not pull the WAD oil seal over sharp edges, threads or keyways. Where necessary, use an installation sleeve to temporarily cover these areas.
The space between the two sealing lips can be filled approximately 40% with grease. Do not grease the other parts of the seal or the installation space before assembly. Then position the WAD carefully and squarely on the shaft. Prevent the oil seal from becoming tilted during installation and verify all specified tolerances and surface requirements beforehand.
Store WAD oil seals at a temperature below +25 °C. Do not place the seals in direct sunlight and keep them away from direct sources of heat. The storage area should be dry and free from condensation. The oil seals should also be protected against exposure to ozone and ionising radiation.
These conditions help prevent the sealing material from being unnecessarily affected by heat, light, moisture or radiation during storage. A suitable storage environment helps preserve the properties of the elastomer until the oil seal is installed. The storage conditions for the WAD profile are based on the recommendations for storing elastomer products specified in ISO 2230.
When selecting a WAD oil seal, the dimensions, sealing material and operating conditions should be evaluated together. First determine the required inside diameter, outside diameter and width for the shaft and housing bore. Then determine which two media must be kept separated and whether NBR or FKM provides the required resistance.
NBR has a temperature range starting at -40 °C and offers good resistance to various mineral oils, greases and hydraulic fluids. FKM can be used at temperatures of up to +150 °C and offers good resistance to mineral and synthetic oils, fuels and various hydrocarbons. The selected material must be suitable for the media on both sides of the seal.
Also verify that the maximum pressure of 0.03 MPa and maximum circumferential speed of 6 m/s are not exceeded. Take into account the design without a dust lip. The tolerances, surface roughness and hardness of the shaft and housing must meet the technical requirements. If a specific approval or certification is required, this must be verified separately for the selected compound.
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